So say you might have a clone or a secret similar twin as a result of you recognize {that a} twin or clone is a genetically similar particular person to you, which is loopy! But it surely’s true. Anyway, So you might have this clone or twin or what have you ever, and your mother and father resolve? that it is an excessive amount of bother to maintain each of you And they also give your clone to a form of sketchy touring circus. Now I do know your mother and father in all probability would not really do that, however simply roll with me for a minute. So for the needs of this instance let’s simply say that you just grew up residing a standard suburban American life whereas your clone grew up with much less stability and fewer entry to nutritious meals and fewer schooling. However extra train and extra entry to sword swallowers and bearded women. And to illustrate you guys are 50 years outdated, no matter, you get collectively and have some lunch. So that you sit in there throughout the desk out of your clone. What do you suppose you see? Properly for starters, Clone in all probability has a tattoo on its face. And if Clone had stayed within the circus Clone in all probability, you recognize, professionally rides a unicycle over a tightrope, so Clone might be in fairly fine condition. However then once more Clone in all probability smoked cigarettes and in all probability was malnourished as a baby so may be barely shorter than you. By the identical token, to illustrate that you have been consuming sonic tater tots 5 days every week since 1992 so that you’re wanting just a little bit tubby. Plus, you spent the final 20 years at a very nerve-racking job that places you in danger for every kind of bizarre well being problems. So at 50, you and Clone would in all probability look fairly completely different from each other. But it surely seems you do not simply look completely different. You even have develop into completely different. Now, if some scientists checked out your genetic code they might say that your DNA was nonetheless precisely the identical as that different particular person. That’s to say, in case your Genome is a paragraph all the letters could be in the very same [word] However on one other degree there could be an enormous distinction and if we prolong this metaphor We will say that the letters are in the identical order However the areas within the punctuation are all somewhere else in fact utterly Probably altering the message of that paragraph the research of this genetic punctuation that I am speaking about is known as epigenetics which accurately means Above genetics the epigenome would not change your DNA But it surely decides how a lot or whether or not some genes are expressed in several cells in your physique? Epigenetics appears at what occurs to your genes over the course of your life and whether or not these modifications may very well be handed right down to your kids and even your grandchildren So here is the way in which epigenetics works you might have billions of cells in your physique and so they every comprise Your dna the identical actual blueprint of your genetic code However simply because they’ve the DNA it does not imply that they know what to do with it They want outdoors instruction from these little carbon and hydrogen Compounds referred to as Methyl teams the way in which these Methyl teams management the genome is by binding [to] a gene and saying don’t Categorical this Gene the Methyl teams bind In a different way to your genome and a pores and skin cell versus say a tongue cell or an eyeball cell and that is among the ways in which A cell is aware of that hey, I am the pores and skin cell or hey. I am an eyeball cell hey I am a muscle Cell. Along with Methyl teams epigenetics can be managed by Histones that are proteins which might be principally the spools that DNA winds itself round histones can change how tightly or loosely? The DNA is wound round them in the event that they’re extra loosely wound the genes can specific extra and in the event that they’re extra tightly spherical than they specific Much less so whereas the Methyl teams are extra like a change the histones are extra like a knob Each cell and your physique has a definite methylation and histone sample and that’s what provides Each cell its marching orders consider your genome the DNA is the precise {hardware} of the pc Whereas the epigenome is extra just like the software program which tells the {hardware} what to do the genome is what is going on to be doing all of the work however the epigenome goes to be telling it what to take action the {hardware} of your DNA goes to be the identical all through your Whole life, however these epigenetic tags do change all through your life They usually resolve what genes get expressed or not. Now epigenetic data in a cell? Is not everlasting it could actually change all through your life, and it may be hereditary And it could actually change over time particularly when your physique goes By way of lots of modifications like say throughout puberty a bunch of Methyl teams kick in they’re like okay So that you guys over right here? You are gonna have [to] begin rising hair, and also you guys over right here I really want you [guys] to get behind giving this man’s some actually horrible Pimples or like while you get pregnant which hopefully I will not however while you do your epigenome must be like [alright] guys [everything’s] about to get an entire lot larger in right here And we’re gonna must move one thing the scale of like a miriam Webster’s dictionary by way of that little pipe over there So let’s get this factor performed, but it surely’s not simply these dramatic occasions when the epigenome is altering It modifications all of a sudden all through our total lives [and] it modifications based mostly on lots of environmental elements like what we do what we eat What we smoke and the way stressed? We’re in a each day foundation scientists have discovered that issues like a foul weight loss program can really result in Methyl teams Binding to the incorrect place and making errors and with these dangerous directions cells develop into Irregular and develop into a illness after which principally all hell breaks unfastened And also you get most cancers or one thing epigenetics is a really younger science although. We have recognized in regards to the epigenome for the reason that Seventies It is solely within the final 20 [years] that we have even recognized what Impact these epigenetic tags are having on our DNA and even after they bought all that enterprise straight Scientists nonetheless thought that each one of our epigenetic tags had been stripped off of our genome earlier than they had been handed on to our kids So should you began smoking 10 packs a day while you had been 10 years outdated that will surely be a horrible well being resolution for you However you would not essentially be harming your unborn kids in any measurable approach nonetheless the pondering on [that] is altering fairly quickly as a result of it is true {that a} [lot] even a lot of the Epigenetic data from a guardian is stripped off of the embryos genome within the first few days and recent ones are created Particularly for this new particular person nonetheless some [of] these tags get caught on the genome and are handed down from technology to technology [and] it simply so occurs that the extra they research this the extra it appears like dangerous Epigenetic data is being handed from technology to technology [and] it is a entire new approach to consider how we move data between generations your grandmother was making dietary choices that have an effect on you right this moment as we expertise all these new unusual epidemics diabetes autoimmune problems cancers that weren’t showing in Earlier generations It is beginning to appear like these could also be attributable to epigenetic data handed down from our mother and father I do know it is such an unbelievable Buzzkill there is no such thing as a level in our lives after we can do something with out guilt anymore [the] discovery that the environmental Components the guardian experiences may be handed down from technology to technology was sparked within the Eighties and this occur when some scientists had been wanting on the beginning and loss of life data of some individuals who lived in [nineteenth-century] Sweden as is a bizarre place to discover a genetic revolution, however there it’s wasn’t simply anywhere in Sweden It was in Norrbotten. Which is the Northernmost County in Sweden Which is actually within the arctic circle and even supposing [norrbotten] was actually the worst place you would probably select to stay in candy there have been some folks residing there within the 1800s and so they had been utterly lower off from the remainder of the world let me make clear these folks had been Remoted like in the event that they did not have crop 12 months folks died no, it wasn’t excellent However you recognize they did not ask me my opinion So I am not giving it So anyway these folks subsisted solely on what they grew when the animals that they raised and like I mentioned Typically they starved however generally they’d big bountiful years of a lot and what occurred folks completely went ape crackers I imply in fact they did as a result of they had been so freakin hungry after which all of a [sudden] there was all this rattling meals all over the place anyway there was a public well being specialist who was wanting on the results of the individuals who grew up within the actually dangerous Ravenous intervals of time versus the individuals who grew [up] within the eat all you possibly can on the smorgasbord Years you would possibly already be guessing what they discovered folks [who] went from comparatively slim pickins to feed your face till you must Barf after which do it over again in a single season these folks bought a mean of six years earlier than [they’re] starved out Counterparts, and you recognize it sucks, so do their children as a substitute of their children children who epigenetics So in fact now everyone knows and we’re all going to cease doing unhealthy issues beginning right this moment Except the harm is already performed the harm is nearly definitely already performed, however hey epigenetics brings good tidings together with dangerous ones for example We now know that sure kinds of most cancers are attributable to misplaced epigenetic tags and scientists are actually creating medicine that may Silence the dangerous genes that had been purported to be turned off within the first place moreover till lately we thought That genes had been the tip all and be all of who you bought to be they had been your blueprint and also you could not escape them this Outlook is [not] simply form of miserable and likewise alludes to a yucky form of social prejudice as a result of while you take a look at Knowledge with out contemplating Social and epigenetic elements it’d appear like folks with much less cash are much less clever So identical to 15 years in the past there have been scientists saying issues in public thoughts you want some folks simply have good genes for Intelligence and it simply so occurs that the poor folks do not all it is so unhappy too dangerous poor folks However you might have dangerous genes [well] seems that that’s not even just a little bit true Not solely are there an enormous number of social elements that have an effect on How effectively folks do on intelligence exams {that a} genetic trait can be, not only a product of genes it is also a product of setting anyone particular person’s genome was decided by any variety of Is made by any variety of their ancestors and proper now you’re making choices which might be going to have an effect on [people] who’re alive? lengthy after you had been Useless [no] stress or something and so I am glad you have watched this as a result of while you and your clone are in your 60s And also you sit down have lunch, and he brings his son and his son has a tattoo on his face He didn’t inherit that from you. That is Hank Inexperienced from the Scishow. We hope you realized one thing.